Orientalism and borders: Critical reading of Rinn and Bauer's books أ

Abstract

This research aims to review the books of Ren and Bauer to find out about Orientalism and its limits and details. The research stems from the idea that Orientalism is the study of the image of the other (whether a Muslim, an Arab, or any other non-Western person), which is basically a "vision of the other according to oneself." From this perspective, a number of Arab researchers approached the subject of Orientalism, especially in terms of its approach. One important figure was the Palestinian-American researcher Edward Said in his book "Orientalism" published in 1978. Previously, the Egyptian writer Anwar Abdulmalik had distinguished himself in his famous article "Orientalism in Crisis" in 1963. In 1967, Abdullah Al-Arwi criticized in his book "The Contemporary Arab Ideology the works of the Austrian orientalist Gustave von Grunebaum, especially his cultural approach when studying Islamic civilization. In summary, the studies of Orientalism, with the principle “studying the other”, carry a special awareness of themselves and their identity in their view of the other, and the kind of appreciation and expectation. This is revealed by the work of two researchers digging in the corners of the East: Louis Rinn and Thomas Bauer.